Corrections and Retractions
Procedure for dealing with errors and serious issues after publication.
Corrections
If a correctable error is identified after publication, the journal may publish a correction notice and keep a clear link between the notice and the original version of the article.
Retractions
In cases such as serious research misconduct, fundamental error or violation of publication principles, an article may be retracted. The decision must be documented and transparent.
Expression of Concern
Where a serious concern about an article exists but the investigation has not yet reached a final conclusion, an expression of concern may be published if necessary.
Record transparency
Records of corrections or retractions must be presented so that the reader can identify the status of the article and the reason for the editorial action.